5月3日，国家发改委微信公众号发文，一段时间以来，有的国家部分官员、媒体大肆指责中国新能源产品“产能过剩”，为其搞单边主义、实施贸易保护政策铺垫造势。事实上，无论从国际分工、全球供需还是市场规律看，所谓中国新能源产品“产能过剩”不过是有的国家精心炮制的话题陷阱，试图以此为由推行贸易保护措施，其结果不仅不能让自身获利，反而会破坏全球产业链供应链稳定畅通，损害世界经济和贸易增长，拖累全球经济绿色转型步伐。

　　一、所谓中国新能源产品“产能过剩”难以立论

　　对中国新能源产品“产能过剩”的指责，既不符合客观事实，也不符合经济规律。

　　一是要尊重国际产业分工合作的基本规律。有观点认为，中国新能源产品“过剩产能”在国内难以消化，只能以低价向全世界销售。事实上，各国依据要素禀赋、发展路径等形成不同产业领域的比较优势，相关产品通过跨国贸易互通有无，是国际经济分工合作的现实。美国高端芯片80%用于出口，美国是全球最大的液化天然气出口国，美国五分之一的农产品销往中国，而美国并未因此受到相关产品属于“过剩产能”的指责。以外销占比看，当前中国新能源产品主要满足国内需求，2023年中国新能源汽车出口仅占总产量的12reddogcasinonodepositbonus2022.5%。

　　二是要以发展的眼光看待全球供需关系。有观点认为，中国新能源产品产能规模已超过全球市场需求，世界其他国家根本无法吸收这些产能。事实上，据国际能源署（IEA）测算，2030年全球新能源汽车需求量将达4500万辆，是2023年全球销量的3倍多，是2023年中国产量的近5倍；2030年全球动力电池需求量将达3500GWh，是2023年全球出货量的4倍多，是2023年中国产量的5倍多；据国际可再生能源署（IRENA）测算，为实现巴黎气候协定目标，2030年全球光伏累计装机量需超过5400GW，是2023年全球累计装机量的近4倍，是2023年中国累计装机量的约9倍。显而易见，当前新能源产品的全球产能还不能满足未来市场需求，中国的新能源产品为全球企业和消费者提供reddogcasinonodepositbonus2022了绿色、智能的生产生活体验，为应对全球气候变化和绿色低碳转型作出了巨大贡献。

　　三是要客观看待中国新能源产业的发展成绩。有观点认为，中国新能源产品的产能优势和价格优势是中国政府大规模补贴的结果。事实上，中国新能源产品的优势是在市场机制作用下，依托庞大国内市场和完备产业体系，通过市场充分竞争和技术迭代创新而形成的，是中国企业自身不断努力的结果。同时也要看到，支持新能源产业发展和经济绿色转型，是国际社会的一致倡议和共同实践，世界各国都通过各种方式鼓励和支持相关产业发展。有些国家更是通过立法对新能源产业提供大量补贴，如美国《基础设施和就业法案》安排75亿美元资金支持汽车充电设施建设，《通胀削减法案》规定对最终在北美组装的电动汽车提供每辆最多7500美元的税收抵免。

　　二、以“产能过剩”为由推行贸易保护主义损人不利己

　　历史和现实都已经证明，大肆推行贸易保护主义不仅有损于世界经济和贸易增长，对推行保护主义的国家自身也是弊大于利。

　　一是不利于世界贸易增长和经济恢复。国际货币基金组织（IMF）预测今年世界经济将增长3reddogcasinonodepositbonus2022.2%，明显低于2000-2019年平均3.8%的水平；近期世贸组织（WTO）将今年全球贸易量增速预测从3.3%调降至2.6%。在此背景下，以“产能过剩”为借口将经贸问题泛政治化、泛安全化，既无助于解决其自身产业发展面临的问题，也将进一步拖累全球贸易增长和世界经济恢复。特别是会严重扰乱全球新能源产业链供应链稳定运行，给世界经济大循环设置“梗阻”、“堵点”、“断点”，影响经济运行效率，甚至诱发各类潜在风险。

　　二是拖累全球应对气候变化、推进绿色低碳转型的进程。近年来，中国新能源产品在满足国内需求、推动实现“双碳”目标的同时，也为全球应对气候变化、实现绿色低碳发展作出了积极贡献。2023年全球可再生能源新增装机量达到5.1亿千瓦，其中中国的贡献就超过一半；中国与100多个国家和地区开展绿色能源项目合作，有效解决用电难、用电贵等问题。有专家评论，如果有的国家和企业能以更加低廉的成本来帮助其它国家和地区加快实现绿色转型的步伐，难道我们不应该感谢他们reddogcasinonodepositbonus2022？那种一方面口口声声把应对全球气候变化作为自身的“崇高使命”，另一方面又以“产能过剩”为由采取保护主义措施，打压别国新能源产业发展，限制别国新能源产品出口的行径令人不齿，也是对全球应对气候变化努力的严重损害。

Third, the promotion of trade protectionism will lead to a backlash and will eventually lift a stone and drop it on its own feet. History has repeatedly proved that trade protectionism does not benefit itself at the expense of others, and there is no winner. In 1930, in order to reduce imports and clear the domestic backlog of products, the Hoover government of the United States issued the Smoot-Hawley tariff Act, which substantially raised import tariffs on more than 20,000 foreign goods, which was counteracted by trading partners one after another. as a result, US exports have fallen sharply. According to the Moody's report, the United States has imposed significant tariffs on Chinese products, while American importers bear more than 90 percent of the cost of imposing tariffs on imports from China. Bloomberg also pointed out that the steel protectionist measures taken by the United States over the past decade have not stopped the loss of jobs in the US metal manufacturing industry, but have increased costs in other areas and reduced the competitiveness of the industry. Now, some countries are trying to build trade barriers to other countries' new energy industries in the name of "overcapacity", which is likely to once again harm the interests of their domestic enterprises and the well-being of their people. Protectionism leads to the mismatch between supply and demand of global factor resources and products, which will undoubtedly further increase the domestic price pressure of the countries concerned and delay the process of reducing inflation.

Third, firmly oppose protectionism in the name of "overcapacity"

In the current era, economic globalization is a general trend, and all countries are interdependent and integrated communities of interests, and openness, inclusiveness and win-win cooperation are the only correct choices.

On the one hand, countries should join hands to practice true multilateralism. Persist in looking at the issue of production capacity objectively and dialectically from the perspective of economic laws, and actively explore and strengthen cooperation. Fully respect the objective law of the international industrial division of labor, unswervingly promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and constantly enhance the stability of the global industrial chain supply chain. We will firmly uphold the multilateral trading system with WTO at the core and promote economic globalization in a more open, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction. We oppose the pan-politicization and security of economic and trade issues, persist in tearing down walls rather than building walls, opening up without isolation, and integrating without decoupling, so as to promote the building of an open world economy.

On the other hand, China will unswervingly promote a high level of opening up to the outside world. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has developed itself and benefited the world in the course of opening up. At present, China is already a major trading partner of more than 140 countries and regions, and the total tariff level has been reduced to 7.3%, close to the level of developed members of the WTO. No matter how the world situation changes, China will adhere to the basic state policy of opening up to the outside world, and the door of opening up will only open wider and wider. China will continue to create a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, legalized and internationalized, further deepen reforms in key areas and key links, steadily promote institutional opening up, and take care of each other's core interests with other countries on the basis of mutual respect. Adhere to dialogue and consultation, expand the "cake" of common interests, and constantly link the world with a high level of openness.